- PII
- S2686673025030049-1
- DOI
- 10.31857/S2686673025030049
- Publication type
- Article
- Status
- Published
- Authors
- Volume/ Edition
- Volume / Issue number 3
- Pages
- 46-62
- Abstract
- This article examines the dynamics, structural characteristics and geography of U.S. foreign trade in services. It finds that services have long played a central role in the U.S. economy, both as the main driver of GDP and through their contribution to job creation. At the same time, services adapt well to crisis situations, making the U.S. economy more resilient. The authors note that the United States has comparative competitive advantages in the digital sphere. The article outlines the country's position in international agreements and negotiations related to trade in services and e-commerce is revealed. In 2023, the United States dramatically revised its trade policy on data flows, withdrawing traditional proposals to ban localisation requirements and protect source code. This sharp turnaround in trade policy shows that the Biden administration was at the center of an internal struggle over the rules of international digital trade, and that the contours of a new strategy will be refined under the new administration. The article concludes that risks to the U.S. services sector are growing due to other countries' advances in digitisation, their pursuit of technological sovereignty, the fragmentation of e-commerce regulation, and the tightening of policies aimed at attracting investment to the United States.
- Keywords
- торговля услугами инвестиции цифровые услуги ВТО
- Date of publication
- 07.11.2025
- Year of publication
- 2025
- Number of purchasers
- 0
- Views
- 47
References
- 1. Biryukova, O., Bezhanishvili, A. (2017). Sovremennye metody otsenki mezhdu-narodnoi torgovli uslugami [International Trade in Services Methods of Assessment]. International Trends. Vol 15, no 1, pp.126–142, (in Russian).
- 2. Biryukova, O.V. (2021). Sovmestnye initsiativy vmesto mnogostoronnosti – novaia real'nost' VTO? [Joint Initiatives Instead of Multilateralism: A New Reality for the WTO?]. MGIMO Review of International Relations. 2021. Vol 14, no 5. pp. 167–186. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2021-5-80-167-186 (in Russian).
- 3. Biryukova, O.V. (2022). Voprosy natsional'noi bezopasnosti v torgovoi politike SShA [National Security Issues in US Trade Policy]. World Eсonomy and International Relations, Vol 66, no 4. pp. 26–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-4-26-34 (in Russian).
- 4. Grigor'ev, L.M., Grigor'eva, N.L. (2021) SShA: ekonomika i sotsial'naia struktura pered smenoi epokh [U.S. Economy and social Structure Before the Change of Eras]. Voprosy Ekonomiki. no 1. pp. 98–119 (in Russian).
- 5. Ho, M.S., Nomura, K., Samuels, J. The growing impact of ICT productivity via the cost of capital: Evidence from the U.S. and Japan. Telecommunications Policy. Volume 47, Issue 9, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2023.102635.
- 6. Khalil, M., Strobel, F. US trade policy and the US dollar. Journal of International Economics, September 2024. Volume 151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2024.103970.
- 7. Liu, L. Is American Multinational Enterprises' Honeymoon with the European Union Over? An Analysis of the European Commission's Investigations into American Multinational Enterprises' Tax Deals with Ireland, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Loyola of Los Angeles. International and Comparative Law Review. 2018. Vol. 41. No. 1, pp. 71–98.
- 8. Marchetti, J., Mavroidis, P. The Genesis of the GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services). The European Journal of International Law. 2011. Vol. 22. No. 3, 689–721; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chr051.
- 9. Supyan, V.B. (2023). Tretii god prezidentstva Dzh. Baidena: sostoianie ekonomiki [The Third Year of J.Biden’s Presidency: the State of the Economy]. USA & Canada: Economics, Politics, Culture. no 4. pp. 5–15. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2686673023040016 (in Russian).
